IF YOUR ENEMY IS HUNGRY, FEED HIM; IF HE IS THIRSTY, GIVE HIM SOMETHING TO DRINK: HISTORICAL CRITICISM HERMENEUTICS ROMANS 12:20

Magel Haens Sianipar, Afriani Manalu, David Mariepan

Abstract


This article aims to present the hermeneutics of Romans 12:20 regarding Paul's teaching to the Romans, to love their enemies. This article discusses the shift in themes in the text of Romans 12 which highlights the relationship between doctrine and praxis in Christian life. In the context of the previous chapters 11, Paul discusses Christian doctrine, but in chapter 12, the focus shifts to the implementation of these doctrines in everyday life. Paul also emphasized the importance of attitudes towards others, including enemies, in the context of socio-political tensions in Rome for Christians at that time. The author uses the method of critical historical hermeneutics by analyzing keywords and paying attention to the text and text context in the passage of Romans 12 and the book of Romans. To achieve this goal, the author first explains the parallels of Romans 12:20 with Proverbs 25:21-22 and highlights the influence of Jewish tradition in Paul's teaching. Next, the author analyzes the concept of loving enemies in the hermeneutics of Romans 12:20. The socio-political context of Rome at the time, including the complexity of social structures, politics, and religious plurality, reinforced the importance of the theological and ethical guidance in the Book of Romans for Christian congregations. This research details the hermeneutics with histircal criticism and then relevanced it to the context of the church and Christian society today.

Full Text:

PDF

References


Aritonang, Jan S. A History of Christianity in Indonesia. Leiden: Brill, 2008.

Barbour. Bible Question & Answers. Jakarta: BPK Gunung Mulia, 2010.

Barclay, William. Pash Roma. Jakarta: BPK Gunung Mulia, 2007.

Barker, Kenneth L., and John R. Kohlenberger III. The Expositor’s Bible Commentary-Abridged Edition: Two-Volume Set. Michigan: Zondervan Academic, 2019.

Barr, James. History and Ideology in the Old Testament: Biblical Studies at the End of a Millennium. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2000.

Boring, M. Eugene, and Fred B. Craddock. The People’s New Testament Commentary. Louisville: Presbyterian Publishing Corporation, 2010.

Brandt, Ryan A., and John Frederick. Theological Interpretation of Scripture as Spiritual Formation. Leiden: Brill, 2022.

Cranfield, C. E. B. A Critical and Exegetical Commentary on the Epistle to the Romans. International Critical Commentary, 2 vols. Edinburgh: Clark, 1979.

Dawn, Marva J. Truly the Community. Jakarta: BPK Gunung Mulia, 1992.

Dunn, James D. G. Eerdmans Commentary on the Bible. Michigan: Zondervan, 2003.

End, Th. Van Den. Taf. Alk. Surat Roma. Jakarta: BPK Gunung Mulia, 2008.

Hutauruk, Jubil Raplan. Lahir, Berakar dan Bertumbuh di Dalam Kristus (Sejarah 150 Tahun HKBP 7 Oktober 1861–2011). Pearaja: Kantor Pusat HKBP, 2011.

Keener, Craig S. Romans: A New Covenant Commentary. Eugene: Cascade, 2009.

Knox, John, and Gerald R. Cragg. “The Epistle to the Romans.” In The Interpreter’s Bible, edited by George Buttrick, 12 vols. New York: Abingdon Cokesbury, 1954.

Lange, John Peter. Commentary on the Holy Scriptures, Critical, Doctrinal and Homiletical. Translated and edited with additions by Philip Schaff, 10 vols. Grand Rapids: Zondervan, 1869.

Marsunu, Y. M. Seto. Pengantar Surat-Surat Paulus. Yogyakarta: Kanisius, 2008.

Nainggolan, Diana. “Mengalahkan Naluri Membalaskan Dendam: Tafsir Kontekstual terhadap Roma 12:17-21.” Immanuel (Desember 2017): 277–295.

Silaen, Franciska Marcia J. “Sebuah Kajian Eklesiologis-Historis Pargodungan bagi Pembangunan Jemaat HKBP yang Transformatif.” Epigraphe Vol. 2 (2023: 2), 203-239.

Simanjuntak, Bungaran Antonius. Konsepku Membangun Bangso Batak: Manusia, Agama, dan Budaya. Jakarta: Yayasan Pustaka Obor Indonesia, 2012.

Stambaugh, John. Dunia Sosial Kekristenan Mula-Mula. Jakarta: BPK Gunung Mulia, 2008.

Terrien, Samuel. “History of the Interpretation of the Bible III: Modern Period.” In The Bible in the Church. New York: The Macmillan Co., 1948.

Thiede, John. Bridging Scripture and Moral Theology. Lanham: Lexington Books, 2019.

Vine, W. E. W. E. Vine’s New Testament Word Pictures: Romans to Philemon: A Commentary Drawn from the Original Languages. Nashville: Thomas Nelson Publishing, 2022.

Wenno, Vincent Kalvin. “Inisiatif untuk Mengasihi: Membaca Etika Paulus dalam Roma 12:9–21 serta Implikasinya bagi Pembangunan Perdamaian.” KENOSIS 3, no. 2 (Desember 2017): 114–128.

Wuest, Kenneth S. Romans in the Greek New Testament for the English Reader. Grand Rapids: W. B. Eerdmans, 1955.

Yeo, K. K. Scripture, Cultures, and Criticism: Interpretive Steps and Critical Issues Raised by Robert Jewett. Eugene: Pickwick Publications, 2022.




DOI: https://doi.org/10.57069/haggadah.v6i2.7177

Refbacks

  • There are currently no refbacks.